Genesis 18:25, etc. "Doesn’t the Judge of all the Earth judge with justice?” (Genesis 18:25b, The Message Bible)
Genesis 18:25
ESV - 25 Far be it from you to do such a thing, to put the righteous to death with the wicked, so that the righteous fare as the wicked! Far be that from you! Shall not the Judge of all the earth do what is just?
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I would say that, in the verse cited in the question, Abraham was recognizing God's rightful authority and prerogative, as the original creator of human life on earth, to be the judge of all human beings, just as He had been prior to Abraham at the time of the Flood, when He had carried out similar judgment on humans for their wickedness, and only eight (Noah and his wife, as well as Noah's three sons and their wives) were counted as righteous and saved as a result of their faith and obedience with regard to the warning that God had given them. (Anyone who had similar faith could also have entered the ark and been saved, but there were no other such individuals.) That prerogative of judgment did not just apply to all humans in Noah's or Abraham's time, but extends to all humans who have ever lived up the present day, as well as all those who will live in the future, just as God's offer of salvation through faith in Christ applies to those who will heed the Holy Spirit's call in that regard.
God judges the earth Genesis 18:25 cf. Psalm 94:2; Dt 32:4 Abraham’s prayer was based not on the mercy of God but on the justice of God. “Shall not the Judge of all the earth do right?’’ (Gen. 18:25; see Deut. 32:4). A just and holy God could not destroy righteous believers with wicked unbelievers, and Lot was a believer (2 Peter 2:6-9), even though his actions and words seemed to belie the fact. God judges every individual (as Tim said) Ezekiel 33:20 cp. Ecclesiastes 3:17; Hebrews 9:27; 1 Peter 4:5; Jude 15; Revelation 20:12 God judges the nations Joel 3:12 Compare Psalm 9:19-20; Psalm 110:6; Obadiah 15; Zephaniah 3:8; Matthew 25:31-46 God judges his own people Hebrews 10:30 Cf. 1 Peter 4:17 He judges angels 2 Peter 2:4; Jude 6 He judges Satan Genesis 3:14-15; Matthew 25:41; Revelation 20:10 --Selected passages from https://biblehub.com/topical/dbt/1310.htm
Let the Word of God guide us in our understanding. 2 For 5:10 For we must all appear before the judgment seat of Christ, so that each of us may receive what is due us for the things done while in the body, whether good or bad. Job 34:11 For according to a man's deeds, He repays him; according to a man's ways, He brings consequences. Matthew 16:27 For the Son of Man will come in His Father's glory with His angels, and then He will repay each one according to what he has done. Matthew 25:32 All the nations will be gathered before Him, and He will separate the people one from another, as a shepherd separates the sheep from the goats. Acts 10:42 And He commanded us to preach to the people and to testify that He is the One appointed by God to judge the living and the dead. Romans 2:5 But because of your hard and unrepentant heart, you are storing up wrath against yourself for the day of wrath, when God's righteous judgment will be revealed. Romans 2:16 This will come to pass on that day when God will judge men's secrets through Christ Jesus, as proclaimed by my gospel. Romans 14:10 Why, then, do you judge your brother? Or why do you belittle your brother? For we will all stand before God's judgment seat. Romans 14:12 So then, each of us will give an account of himself to God. Ephesians 6:8 because you know that the Lord will reward each one for whatever good he does, whether he is slave or free. Hebrews 9:27 Just as man is appointed to die once, and after that to face judgment, God will judge every one of us. How might a Christian live then? No, we won't taste hell's fire but how much loss do you want to experience as our deeds are passed through God's refining fire? Philippians 1:20-26 20 I eagerly expect and hope that I will in no way be ashamed, but will have sufficient courage so that now as always Christ will be exalted in my body, whether by life or by death. 21 For to me, to live is Christ and to die is gain. 22 If I am to go on living in the body, this will mean fruitful labor for me. Endure till the end.
God judges all people - even Christians. We just have to make sure we have the proper definition of judgment. There is a "final judgment" and there is "transformational judgment" - transformational judgment is a judgment that separates the "wheat from the chaff" in your life. The good from the bad. The useful from the useless. You are "saved" by grace through faith, but your actions are judged in the transformational sense both while you are living (2 Cor. 3:18) and - as Paul says in 1 Cor. 3:13 at the judgment day. Paul writes in 2 Cor. 5:9-10: "So we make it our goal to please him, whether we are at home in the body or away from it. For we must all appear before the judgment seat of Christ, so that each of us may receive what is due us for the things done while in the body, whether good or bad." He also writes in 1 Cor. 3:10-15: But each one should build with care. For no one can lay any foundation other than the one already laid, which is Jesus Christ. If anyone builds on this foundation using gold, silver, costly stones, wood, hay or straw, their work will be shown for what it is, because the Day will bring it to light. It will be revealed with fire, and the fire will test the quality of each person’s work. If what has been built survives, the builder will receive a reward. If it is burned up, the builder will suffer loss but yet will be saved—even though only as one escaping through the flames." We can also add to the list of "all people" the following: 1 Peter 1:17; Rev. 20:12-13. God judges (transformational judgment) those areas in your life that are not serving you well - just as we provide judgment to our children about their own behavior. Somethings are simply not profitable in life and are in need of judgment. God is a just God and we are supposed to mimic that in our relationships. Just means the 'judgment is accurate and the punishment fits the crime." If you have a baby - 2-month-old - there is no judgment, only compassion. By the time the child is 2 years old, judgment for behavior works its way in. When your child is 32 years old - if they are still lying around the house you will have words of judgment, "Get your act together!" Proper judgment fits the occasion. Christians - especially Christians - are not immune to God's judgment just because we have accepted Christ as our savior. We will be judged even more harshly if we have discredited God or Christ through our bad behavior. If a religious leader commits a heinous crime which also happens to drag God's name through the dirt - God will judge that behavior. There needs to be confession and repentance in order to restore the relationship. Transformational judgment hurts. We don't want to let go of those areas that are not serving us well and one of the things we are pros at is the rationalization of our behavior. Jesus wants us to transform - therefore he has come to judge. And Jesus is the perfect judge. When we compare ourselves to him all of our flaws are exposed and that is uncomfortable. We experience shame and we attempt to hide our inadequacies. The gift of transformation comes when we expose our shame, guilt, or inadequacies to God and his Holy Spirit forgives, heals, and restores us into our rightful position in the household of God. That is transformational judgment.
John 5:24 Verily, verily, I say unto you, he that heareth my word, and believeth on Him that sent me, hath everlasting life, and shall not come into judgment, but is passed from death unto life. Two judgments in heaven: One for believers, and one for unbelievers. John 3:18 Once a person believes on Jesus as the only way of salvation apart from any works, and receives it as a free gift, they will not be judged for their sins. Romans 4:7-8. Believers go to the judgment seat of Christ for rewards for how they have lived after they have received the free gift of eternal life. First Corinthians 3:11-21 Some will have no rewards, First Corinthians 3:15. Unbelievers go to the great white throne judgment where they will be judged by the law, and found guilty.. Those who have never believed on Jesus as the only way of salvation by grace, will go to hell because they did not believe on the name of the son of God. John 3:18.
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