Daniel 5:1 - 31
ESV - 1 King Belshazzar made a great feast for a thousand of his lords and drank wine in front of the thousand. 2 Belshazzar, when he tasted the wine, commanded that the vessels of gold and of silver that Nebuchadnezzar his father had taken out of the temple in Jerusalem be brought, that the king and his lords, his wives, and his concubines might drink from them.
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I would say that the main points made by the cited chapter would be, first, the gravity in God's eyes of trivializing or profaning anything associated with the worship or honor due to Him, as Belshazzar did when He used the sacred vessels from the former temple in Jerusalem as part of a drunken feast in Babylon. (His conduct was such a sacrilege that God intervened directly, immediately, and visibly (through the miraculous handwriting on the wall) in bringing both Belshazzar's rule and his kingdom to an end that very night.) The account also shows the superiority of divine wisdom over human intelligence by the ability of Daniel (through God's inspiration) to interpret the writing, which the pagan astrologers of Babylon had been unable to do.
Daniel 5:5: In the same hour came forth fingers of the man’s hand, and wrote over against the candlestick upon the plaister of the wall of the king’s palace: and the king saw the part of the hand that wrote. Every child of God goes through trials and tribulations, and is given the discernment of good and evil to choose. However, we often struggle to discern ourselves in the right spirit, because we seek praise for our wisdom, knowledge, and the works of our hands, which become like graven images. (Isa 42:8/48:5,11) Those who look out to be given praise are led by their heart to be lifted, which hardens their minds in pride. (Dan 5:20) David dedicated silver and gold to the house of the Lord, and his son Solomon created all vessels pertaining unto the house of the Lord with gold. The King of Babylon later carried them away from the temple, and his son used these golden vessels and, “praised the god of gold, silver, brass, iron, wood, and stones.” (1 Kings 7:51/2 Kings 24:13) This was done to please the people who came to his banquet, for they drank and ate from these golden calves, for the Lord then brought judgment on them. (Dan 5:30-31) Daniel revealed the fingers of men that wrote on the wall, which signified the judgment that came upon the King of Babylon, who had not humbled his heart. Heavenly Father numbers the works of our hands, weighs them in a balance, and divides the portion accordingly. If one has not humbled, their heart is lifted, and their mind hardens in pride and will be thrown away. (Dan 5:17,20,22) A woman who was caught in adultery was brought unto our Lord Jesus, who then stooped down and wrote with His finger on the ground. He said unto them “He without sin be the first to cast the stone,” and they who heard and were convicted by their conscience went away from Him. The accusation they brought to Him, they were convicted by their conscience and walked away. For they were the ones which see not, nor hear, nor understand, and the God in whose hand is their breath, and whose are all thy ways, and was not glorified by them. Thus, they shall be the ones who shall return to the dust of the ground. (John 8:6,9/Dan 5:23,30) Just as in the time of Daniel, the handwriting on the wall that the king witnessed is also destined to unfold in the end times which will come to pass. This relates to the abomination of desolation spoken of by Daniel as our Lord Jesus reveals unto us. (Mat 24:15) He stated, “For the elect’s sake those days shall be shortened.” The Lord Himself shall descend from heaven, and with the trump of God, the dead in Christ shall rise, and which are alive shall be caught up together with them in the clouds. (Mat 24:22/1 Thes 4:16-17) There shall be a blasphemous and disrespectful one causing desecration, standing in the Holy Place. At that time, the rock that is cut from a mountain, not by human hands, will strike the feet of iron and clay smashing them to bits. (Dan 2:34/11:36-37/2 Thes 2:3-4) Revelation 19:20: And the beast was taken, and with him the false prophet that wrought miracles before him, with which he deceived them that had received the mark of the beast, and them that worshipped his image. These both were cast alive into a lake of fire burning with brimstone.
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