John 13:34
ESV - 34 A new commandment I give to you, that you love one another: just as I have loved you, you also are to love one another.
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No, this new commandment given by our King Jesus is the fulfillment of the first 10. If you love God with all you heart, mind, and strength and love others as yourself, then you will in no way break any of the 10 commandments. You won't put any idols before God because you love Him, you won't kill someone or steal from someone because you love them. It's all about Love, God is Love, and loving is the fulfillment of all that God would have us to be in this life.
In my opinion, this was a new commandment in the sense that Jesus, by His incarnation, had demonstrated God's love for His followers in a more direct and tangible way than had previously occurred in Israel's history. His followers were therefore to not just obey a concept or a command, but to actively imitate the love that they themselves had seen Jesus exhibit during His ministry on earth. Also, as Jesus had earlier indicated (Mark 12:28-34), and as subsequently reiterated by Paul (Romans 13:10), love of God and of fellow humans fulfills the Law (including the Ten Commandments). That is not to say that we can receive eternal life by obeying this commandment (any more that we can be saved by obeying the Law) for we all remain sinners in this life, and none of us is capable of the perfect obedience to it that God requires. However, Christians strive to obey it out of love and gratitude to God for the salvation that He has already made possible through faith in Christ.
Jesus said that this was a new commandment, not that He was taking away the first ten. Jesus said "Do you think that I come to destroy the Law or the Prophets, I did not come to destroy but to fulfil. For assuredly, I say to you, till heaven and earth pass away,one jot or one tittle will by no means pass from the law till all is fulfilled."(Matthew 5: 17-18)
We were given the ten commandments as a prescription for a healthy and wealthy Christian life. The greatest commandment is simply a combination of all ten. To consider it as an either / or seems difficult. The truth is the greatest commandment: love God and each other pulls in more, not less, ways we should live a righteous life.
The first five commandments is about we loving the LORD and the other five is about we loving our neighbour. So Christ summarized the law for us by saying that we should love God first and then our neighbour as ourself. He fulfilled the scripture.
The bible has more than one word that is translated LOVE. To understand the scripture then you need to make sure what the world LOVE iin the translation you are reading is coming from. One means to Love with nor demand for the one you Love to Love you. Another means to love someone as your brother because he loves you! That discussion occur between John and Jesus in the Book of Mathew and Jesus said to him: "Do You Love Me?" John answered with the word "Yes Lord I Love You". Note that the word LOVE is used in AGAPHA meaning Love period and John used PHILiO. which has to do with Brotherly Love. Jesus and John dealt with this THREE TIMES and the last repeat Jesus used PHILIO but he change the meaning by his use to mean the same as AGAPHA. How about that! Point is the Phrase LOVE discussed in Romans 13 deals with this also. It Does Not replace the Commandments just deals with attitude.
The question: Does (John 14:34) "A new commandment I give unto you, That ye love one another; as I have loved you, that ye also love one another." replace Gods 10 commandments? The answer is, on this new commandment hang all the law and the Prophets. Paul defines this question further: (Romans 13: 8-10) (Mt 20:12-17) "You shall love the Lord your God with all your heart with all your soul, and with all your mind. You shall love your neighbor as yourself. On these two commandments hang all the Law and the Prophets". The first four Commandments (Ex 20:2-11) define how we can develop an intimate love relationship with God, loving the Lord with all our heart, soul, mind and strength. The final six Commandments (Ex 20:12-17) define how we can love our neighbor as we love ourselves Jesus said, "If you love Me, keep My commandments. If you keep My commandments, you will abide in My love, just as I have kept My Father's commandments and abide in His love" (John 14:15, 15:10).
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